Designing Saint Olga of Kyiv

When I initially read about Olga, my brain demanded flaming pigeons. Now we’re further down the line it – yeah it’s still that. There’s been a pose in mind from the very beginning, but when it comes to what she’s wearing, it’s been somewhat more difficult. To begin, do we put her in armour or a dress? If armour, what sort of armour? I now have a folder full of references of her son Sviatoslav and her husband Igor, as I imagine that if she ever armoured up on the battlefield, she would have worn similar to those two. There are no records I could find of her fighting, but she was there amongst the soldiers, so wearing protective gear just in case doesn’t seem too far a stretch.

However! For this project, the symbolic vengeful queen in gown with flaming pigeons seems better suited, and hopefully, not too far in the future, we can have a bonus Olga fighting with a big old sword and mailled up. If you’re good. By good I mean buy this one, and I’ll consider the latter if she flies off the shelves.

If you haven’t yet, you can read a bit more about her on the research post.

So, how is she portrayed?

I try to look for sources as contemporary as possible, which has been difficult with this period. As we’ve seen when researching other figures, artists like to add their own flair, which is often reflective of the times in which it was created. However, Olga in a wimple, long gown, tighter undersleeves and a crown is pretty much the iconic gear for so many of her depictions.

Radziwiłł Chronicle. 15th C.

There was a long moment where I was stuck on whether to portray her as Christian or Pagan, especially as I wanted to include the flaming pigeons and sparrows, which was before her conversion. Of all the inspiration in the world, I turned to the wise words of Jez, from British comedy “Peep Show”.

“Uh, yeah, I spent some time with Ray before he went and I just wanted to say that I think we should all remember that Ray, by the end, he loved Jesus. Look, what I’m trying to say is that if I was dying and I decided that even though I’d never particularly been into, say, Enya before but that now I really, really was into Enya and that in fact, I thought Enya was great and that Enya died for our sins and I wanted an Enya themed funeral with pictures of Enya and lots and lots of mentions of Enya, then I think it would be a bit bloody rich for my sister to ban all mention of Enya from my funeral. Yeah?

Ok yeah fair point! The cross it is! There is important symbolism to consider in these miniatures, and the Queen and Saint are two main elements of this for Enya. I mean, Olga.

The Design

Admittedly, this is the most out of my comfort zone I have been so far in the project. It’s become clear to me that it’s such a changing period, not just in fashion but, everything! In fact it was Olga herself, who put many of these wheels in motion.

We’re gonna go for the “something old, something new” theory for design here, as we are combining elements of her pre and post Christianity, which is also a huge change culturally.

I’ve drawn her in a simple gown of two layers, which you can then paint freehand to your heart’s content or(much easier) block in the colour with a bit of a wash over to bring out the folds. Red, blue and green are very strong in the older paintings. I will add in my notes to the sculptor that I wish the wimple, dress and cape to be more blowy in the wind, rather than just hanging there. As is she’s conjuring a storm (which she is, really!)

Pigeons, of course! This will be a fun challenge for Alan (I’m sure I said that last not too long ago, poor Alan) as the mini will be single piece, so he will need to find a way of “attaching” pigeons to her. I know you’re reading this Alan, I have faith in you!

Eastern Orthodox crosses

For the pose, I looked through plenty of spell caster reference photos, and I couldn’t quite get what I wanted, until I remembered the first bit of inspiration – The Night King from Game of Thrones! There’s a particular scene where he raises the dead and the stance is so powerful that I had to! It’s why her expression isn’t shouting, as it’s nicely sinister instead. We have ALL the pop culture references today.

There are lots of jewels to show her status, and a cross, which may end up quite oversized but is an important reference to her beliefs. The Eastern Orthodox cross has a variety of designs that are based on these two shapes. The right version will work better at such a small size.

Olga of Kiev by Nikolai Alexandrovich Bruni, 1901

The crown will probably be shortened from the drawing to something like this, from Nikolai Alexandrovich Bruni, which shows the pearls along the top. The “sunken” areas will be much easier to cast than if the rim was taller, and many are familiar with this image. See what I mean with that cold gaze – more effective than a yell. It’s terrifying. I have been told on several occasions that I am capable of such a face, usually when prepping for a big convention. This is clearly untrue.

As a final point – the pigeons won’t have sculpted fire. Nope, nope. I have tried to paint flames coming off minis too often to put that onto you. A flame on a bonfire or torch – yes, but coming from a mini, it often looks just… hairy. They also weren’t on fire when released. BUT. You can paint them fiery or make some neat conversions to add some flames. I won’t tell you off. Or give you the stare.

As I am always looking for as many ways I can sell a people can use a mini, I feel this design makes her a brilliant fantasy spellcaster or leader. Or both!

As always, disclaimer that I am not a historian, nor do I spend extra time getting the drawings perfect, as they only need to be good enough for the sculptor to work with – but I do have heaps of enthusiasm and obsession, so hoorah!

-Annie

Who was Saint Olga of Kyiv?

St Olga by Mikhail Nesterov in 1892, public domain

I’m starting to believe that there’s a conspiracy in the results of the Community Miniatures Project to get me to learn about as many times and places as possible. How dare! What I actually mean is – thank you! While it’s a lot, cramming research for these minis has really helped build up my historical knowledge, which, as I have mentioned before – is full of gaps. This time we’re in the early medieval era, sometimes called the “Viking Age”, something we’ve covered a lot. Neato. Familiar. Until I realise we’re further East in this period than I know about. Time to get-a-learnin’!

When I first learnt of Olga, actually through the nominations for this project, I was incredibly excited. I was also shocked I had never heard such a legendary story before, and was rooting for her to win, so I’m more than happy that she did. Yesssss flaming pigeons (spoiler). I expected there to be a whole heap of books and resources but actually quite quickly hit a wall.

Perhaps due to the age, or there being little written or translated into English, I couldn’t find many sources at all. Most were various blog rewrites based on each other. At time of writing this, I’m still researching. The main writing I came across was the Primary Chronicle which is thought to be written in the 1100s and covers Kyivan Rus’ from around 850 until 1100.

Olga’s birth date is unknown, estimated to be between 890 and 925 CE and she lived until 969 CE in Kyivan Rus’. This was an area which covered areas now called Ukraine, Western Russia and Belarus. While young, she was married to Prince Igor of Kyiv, and following his death, took control as regent until their son Sviatoslav was of age.

Radziwiłł Chronicle. Olga’s revenge to the Drevlians, 15th C. public domain

As part of an ongoing feud with the Drevlians (a nearby tribe), Igor was eventually “captured by them, tied to tree trunks, and torn in two.” This set a chain of cunning and violent revenge from his widow that would cause much more horrific bloodshed.

The Radziwiłł Chronicle is a later copy of the Primary Chronicle, with more added to it, and has a whole heap of illustrations. As a fan of the style of medieval manuscript, this does not disappoint. I like to narrate them. In the series about Olga, she is usually sat pointing at the events, which I may have mimicked from my office chair. But you can’t prove it! Here she is chilling and saying “ah yes, burn them to death”. If you scroll back up she’s saying – no wait, I can’t tell you that bit yet, it’s for later.

Radziwiłł Chronicle. Olga’s revenge to the Drevlians, 15th C. public domain

Her story is one of those where it baffles me that it isn’t more well known. Even from the cold commercial point of view – it would make a brilliant TV series or film. In a talk recently I mentioned truth being stranger than fiction, and this is one where you don’t need to make it up – as you have it here ready to go! Chronicled!

Perceiving a weakened widow, the Drevlians offered to marry to her to their own prince, Prince Mal. She replied enthusiastically, of course she would, she can’t just be floating around unmarried after all and she was now a free lady! She specified that they must come via boat, and would be carried by her people as an act on honour. How lovely.

St. Olga of Kyiv. Drawing for mosaic by Nicholas Roerich, 1915

When they arrived, they were indeed all lifted up, which must have been a nice treat. However they were then tipped into a pre-dug hole and buried alive. Oops.

Her justification was that they didn’t send particularly high ranking or “cool enough” men, so they should do that and then she will totally comply. Totally. Upon arrival she had them led into a bathhouse for a nice scrub, which was then locked and set on fire. What’s the old saying – fool me once, shame on you, fool me twice….won’t get fooled again?

Still, they agreed to her third demand, which was a mighty feast where she could weep over the tomb of her husband, and finally accept that she had to remarry. Psyche! After they were all drunk on mead, her people killed around five thousand of theirs.

You’d think after this, that all pretence would be expired. But you’re already admiring this BEAUTIFUL collage I just made, and thinking that perhaps that cannot be the case. An attack on Iskorosten was declared by her young son, Sviatoslav, who feebly threw a spear (bless him!) towards the Drevlian forces on her command; this siege lasted a year.

After the year, she said, “Ok, here’s the deal. You just need to pay us tribute. All we want is three pigeons and three sparrows from each household, and that’ll be fine.” Presumably forgetting not to trust this lady at all, they complied. Seems reasonable enough!

“Fly my Pretties” by Annie Norman, 2024

“Annie, why have you collaged a pigeon flying in fire, whilst also carrying some fire?” Just normal reasons. They gave her the birds and off she went, it was all fine. Nobody die- ok fine, lots of people died. Each pigeon and sparrow had a little piece of sulphur and cloth tied to it’s little leg and set free. Yay! Of course they are homing animals, so off they go back to the city to go nest in all the lovely flammable hay and yes the whole place is on fire.

These intros to the Community Miniatures are supposed to be, well, intros. Brief. But we’re getting on a bit more so I’ll fast forward. Olga does a lot of work regarding administration, law making and changing the tribute system, which is fascinating in it’s own right, but has no flaming birds.

So, around 950 CE her travels took her Constantinople, where she caught the eye of the emperor, Constantine VII. Olga was still a highly sought after widow, and after many years of dodging proposals, she was running out of excuses. She had Constantine baptise her under the Christian name Helena, and then said oh no we can’t marry now it’s too weird. (The term used is “spiritual incest”)

You’ll have to look up the rest! She was later on made the Patron Saint of Widows and Converts, the former being obvious and the latter due to her vast work spreading the word of Christianity.

Now how the heck are we going to sum all this up in one mini? Stay tuned….

-Annie

Designing Eleanor of Aquitaine

Living a long life from 1122 to 1204, Eleanor managed to reign as Queen of both France and England and is known as a fierce forward striking intellect, as well gentle lover of the arts. I have absorbed so much information on her life and influences during my research that it will be hard to keep short! Also apologies if this isn’t written as well as the others, I wrote a huge chunk, time passed, then came back and edited it heavily once I had learnt much more.

As with many women around this period in history, she is often noted for the men she was connected to, especially her husbands and sons, which can make research frustrating for wanting to find out about her in agency as her own person. The books I have found the best for this research as those by Alison Weir and Sara Cockerill.

She was married to Louis VII of France and then Henry II of England, with her sons Richard and John later becoming Kings of England (and her other EIGHT children basically all being high up somewhere or other!). The first two lumps of power being by marriage and the third by motherhood, she also came with her own inherited wealth. This made Eleanor very sought after as a bride, as well as victim to various plots and rumours to discredit what was an incredibly powerful and influential woman.

Indeed most of her actions of influence seemed to be based around this knowledge and skill of networking to build allies, therefore making herself and her descendants stronger. This is while her male counterparts were doing the more visible (therefore praised) work. For example, Richard I is known for being one of the greatest kings of England but in his 10 year reign was in this country for no more than six months. The country mysteriously ran itself. Oh no wait, there was a woman! Queen Eleanor!

Later in history she started getting the recognition she deserved, though like many of the women we cover, it’s never to the same extent, which is a large reason why we do this. Many will know the name, but not the deeds or legacy. Even 16 years imprisonment by her own husband (Henry II) didn’t stop her ambition. There are also a lot of myths around Eleanor to romanticize her, which can take away credit sometimes of the things she actually did do – like riding through the Pyrenees to escort Berengaria of Navarre to Sicily to marry her son, King Richard I….AGED 70.

My eyes twinkled when I read Niketas Choniates accounts of her riding to the Second Crusade in a golden dress with handmaidens dressed in men’s armour, but Sara Cockerill took the joy away by basically debunking it as non contemporary with no other mentions, and not referring to her by name. Boo. However, this again shows how we view the literal front line battle fighting as such a huge glory, which has definitely been hammered in through patriarchal history, whereas often it is though who never drew a blade who had the most impact.

Meeting Eleanor!

That’s me there, on the right!

Much like Eleanor, I have many skills, including the ability to build a time machine – which I did, to go back in time and meet her! Thanks so much to the Queen herself for showing me around some of her vast lands, unlike her rubbish son John Lackland (literally, lacking lands)

We had a lovely stroll where I got to ask her lots of questions and admire Sherwood Forest and it’s many ancient oaks. I also found out plenty about the history of the forest itself and the time of the Robin Hood tales – what was happening in England at that time. Of course the stories intertwine as Eleanor is indeed mum of both John and Richard – the former renowned for rising taxes to restore the money frittered away by the latter! I also learnt that if there was a Robin Hood, then he wouldn’t have been a fox. Dagnammit.

Designing the Miniature

Effigy of Eleanor of Aquitaine in the church of Fontevraud Abbey [photo by Adam Bishop]

This took much longer than I imagined, because I got so fascinated with the history, and the back and forthing between rumour, myth and reality. While I know some were keen for a fighting Eleanor a la Angus Mcbride, storming to battle, I wanted to represent her more realistically, and to her strengths.

Of course the pre raphaelites adored the romanticisation of this era and she has been portrayed very much in a flowing locks fantasy princess sort of manner. I’m now getting quite good at medieval fashion, so drew on the information I already knew from researching Black Agnes, though different as she is earlier on. No tippets, for example!

Victorian depiction of Eleanor, which looked like it’s based off the tomb effigy.

In the Agnes post I was unsure on whether I had designed her in a wimple or gorget, and I can confirm it’s wimple for Agnes, Gorget for Eleanor! I wasn’t sure of the difference but get it now. The gorget is a bit like a helmet strap, not covering the rest of the neck. A chin strap.

A good likeness of Eleanor is her tomb effigy, which she commissioned in life, and shows her reading. I’m not sure whether this is a representation of her love of knowledge and literature, or The Bible, or both! But you know how attached I get to the people I research – if she wanted herself shown with a book, then heck yes I will grant her that! So the mini needs a book.

What else to ramp up her royalty? She’s sometimes shown with a falcon, and we love a good bird-on-arm pose right. So then I got into researching medieval falconry. As one does. The gyrfalcon was reserved for royalty, so definitely one of those. They’re also BIG, which helps for a mini, so it’s not just a lil hard to see thing, you won’t miss this.

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is eleanor-sketch-copy.jpg
Figure Design (c) Annie Norman 2023

A falcon and a book, what more could a gal want? A crown I guess a cape, and a cool dress, though I speak only for myself. And Eleanor! For the clothes design I have gone pretty much straight off the funeral effigy as it’s accurate. I found the cape fastening interesting as it’s very wide.

Regarding the pose, this took me the longest. Also to note: I can’t show you all the references used as I’m not sure 100% on a commercial blog what can be used, so I’m playing it safe. I looked up gyrfalcons of course, and found great photos of people holding them, and how they sit on a hand.

Controversially…. I didn’t want to put a glove on her. But you would really need one, those things puncture! I didn’t want her to be in the process of hawking, more posing with it as a status symbol, as if I was painting her portrait, which is kind of how I’m treating this project. I’ve chosen a perch which she is holding, so her hands are safe, it looks cool, and she doesn’t have a big distracting glove on.

Gyrfalcon


I had my housemate Andy pose in various different ways with the book, as we both walked around the living room holding books and walking looking totally normal to anybody passing by. Acting natural is hard! As with the effigy, I want it to be either representing The Bible or just something else she holds dear to her heart, so she would be holding it carefully and well…. dear to her heart. Nice symbolism Annie. Thanks, Me.

As with all my scribbles, the details are saved for reference pictures to the sculptor, so some aren’t needed, it’s more an idea of the final figure. I’m sure Alan will do something cool with the cloak and dress, so I don’t need to draw exactly where the folds are, for example.

I could keep typing forever but it’s been a long day! And I promised myself I wouldn’t go to bed til this is done, so sleep is winning. I also haven’t proofread this back so apologies if it’s inane ramble.

The sketches are getting better I think, that’s a good thing! Getting the hang of drawing on the tablet (ie directly on the screen) and prefer it to paper now.

What do you think? I wanted to keep this fairly classical but not be boring. As for wargaming figures, she will make a great leader character or on a shared base perhaps with King Louis in the Second Crusade, or King Richard in the third. Or just a cool queeny model.

Donor portrait in a 12th-century psalter in the Royal Library of the Netherlands, thought to depict an older Eleanor.


Night night!

Edit: I didn’t want her to be reading the book as I didn’t want it to look like the tomb effigy had creepily just rose up to vertical!